Destructive disorders may occur at any stage of the spine, but the high load of the lower part determines the appearance of changes in this segment as a result of human equations.The osteochondrosis is accompanied by pain in the lower back.Only one doctor can correctly determine the symptoms and treatment of pathology.Medicines and physical exercises are used in advanced stages and may require surgery.As a complement to the main treatment, the use of folk drugs is allowed.
What is osteochondrosis
In osteochondrosis, a pathological change begins - with the pulporal core of the intervertebral discs, a gradual transition to a fibrous ring fabric.Weakening, unable to resist the increasing load, which results in partial and then full movement of the disk from its physiological position.This occurs when the fibrous fibers do not resist increasing pressure and break.
With the destruction of the disk structure, the destruction of nearby tissues progresses.The closest vertebrae, their joints and their ligaments begins in the pathological process.Any vertebrae has a sponge material and an external compact bone contour consisting of records.The outer layer provides hardness and allows you to resist heavy loads.A red bone marrow of the vertebra is also responsible for hematopoiesis.
For a long time with osteochondrosis, complex vascular and biochemical changes occur.The bone tissue is constantly changing: some cells are destroyed, new ones come in their place.Usually, the formation of more durable and solid cells is stimulated with constant load.Therefore, in the case of excessive overload, there is predominance of dense material.
The causes of pathology
Characteristics of modern life and a sudden decrease in human motor activity leads to the weakening of muscle fibers and a decrease in their voice.For an average person, the daily back is mostly bent, leading to the surge of bending muscles.This factor is considered to be the most important of the provoking of degenerative changes.
There are many theories about the origin of osteochondrosis:
- Innovutionary.The etiology of the disease is the abrasion of discs.This is particularly facilitated by the presence of sedentary lifestyles and bad habits.
- Muscle.Violation of the structure of the spinal column is due to the underdevelopment or weakening of the back pain or the constant muscle cramps, as well as the inflammatory processes and the inflammatory processes.It is believed that the stereotype of incorrectly created muscle movement leads to degeneration.This contributes to the constant overload of cartilage and other spinal structures.
- Autoimmune.The process of destroying vertebrae and intervertebral discs has the same scheme as rheumatoid arthritis.Such an assumption is considered near the truth, as the biochemical disorders of collagenosis are very similar to changes in discs, leading to the deterioration of tissue and dystrophy.
The effect of the pathology of the internal organs and the presence of constant microtraums have also been proven in the development of osteochondrosis.
There is a theory of man's hereditary predisposition to this disease;According to some doctors, violations are sometimes caused by a change in metabolism and the difference in internal secretion work.
Many patients with pronounced disorders determine the chronic focus of infection.
With regard to slow progression, he read that osteochondrosis develops at the same time as a result of several etiological moments.
Development mechanism
In the lumbar region, all symptoms typical of a dynist disorder can be divided into two large groups: internal (spine) and extravertEBRIAL.
The latter is divided into reflex and compression.Depending on the severity of injury and the presence of complications, the four stages of the disease are distinguished:
- As a result of excess loads and other factors, the fibrous ring begins to change the structure: cracks develop on it.The essence of the jacket core penetrates them.Reflex reactions occur as a result of irritation of the nerve fibers, which inserts the innervation of the periosteum, the ligematic device, the fibrous ring.Its irritation occurs as a result of pressure when a hernia develops, local edema or inflammation.Such an infringement leads to the appearance of argument or dystrophic changes.As a result, a person experiences severe pain, constant or shooting.The disorders of chronic osteochondrosis reflex in the lumbar segment lead to the development of lumbago and lumbalgia.And myofascial pain leads to restrictive movements.Radiculopathy acts as a compression syndrome, which is most often accompanied by damage to the lumbosacral segment.
- The progress of pathology leads to an increase in prolapse of the intervertebral disk, penetrating into the epidural region.The vertebrae contract and exert different pressure on the nerve root.Can be expressed in constant irritation or in severe compression.These manifestations indicate the second stage with the development of discogenic radiculitis.Most often, such a phenomenon is observed from the fourth groin to the first sacred vertebrae.
- This stage is characterized by the pressure of the hernia on the nerve and vascular bundle.This ends with the appearance of parasis or paralysis in the leg extension muscle.However, the pain syndrome decreases or disappears.
- The last stage is disturbed by the appearance of diskiropathy in the spinal cord blood supply and innervation.Changes are stabilized and the drug setting is poorly used.
Clinical symptoms and syndromes
The manifestations of degenerative differences in the lower rear zone are illustrated by pain of different intensity and duration.In addition, a person feels fatigue that grows by the end of the sun, sleeps poorly and becomes irritable.At first, the symptoms remain in a night's rest or horizontal, but in the morning they observe painful feelings.As a result, the patient is forced to reduce his physical activity.
The problems of the lumbar region lead to irritation and inflammation of the nerve endings, including the innervation organs of the pelvis.Therefore, with advanced pathology, urination is impaired and the problems of the work of the internal genitalia are observed.In men, impotence develops against this background.
The irradiation of pain and impaired sensitivity affects the lower limbs.The patient notes the burning feeling and the "climbing of goosebars", the skin on the skin of the feet is pale, dry and peeled.
Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine is declared with many syndromes, the manifestation of which varies in various patients.
Koreshka
In this case, the pain is the result of the lesion of the roots, acute, localized in the area of injury, and falls into the zone of the lower leg, buttocks, hips and feet.To reduce discomfort, one changes the usual walk and leans towards the reverse side of the infringement.The pain is accompanied by sweating, which is replaced by chills and increases when trying to move sharply after the resting place.
Due to the decrease of muscle tone and their gradual atrophy, it is impossible to do the usual work.In an advanced phase, the limb paralysis develops, violation of the work of the internal organs in the pool.
Ischemic
Osteocondrosis is not only accompanied by damage to nerve endings in the lumbar region but also in the blood vessels.Their compression leads to cramps, which becomes constant.Clinically, this phenomenon is manifested in the form of a batch chromium.
The lack of nutrients and oxygen occurs in the pelvic organs.This exacerbates the problems of urination, emptying and efficiency.
Pain
The appearance of pain is the earliest sign of osteochondrosis.Its intensity depends on the degree of damage.Initially, the pain is short and disappears after relaxation, but long and painful from the onset of the disease.The worsening of the pathology leads to the appearance of sharp fires, feet, groin, buttocks.
In a late stage, suffering is caused not only by physical effort but also by coughing or sneezing.In the lumbar region, muscle hardening is palpable, which are in constant spastic condition.
Vertebrate
Significant deformation occurs in continuous pain, innervation and blood supply.The rot is not only noticeable in the area of the pathological process, but the architectonics of the spinal column are interrupted.Muscle tone decreases, pelvis and pelvis are oblique.District changes will be uncertain.Gradually, the entire muscle bone system is restructured.
Complications of osteochondrosis
If you do not treat the disease at an early stage, the complications will gradually develop, many of which significantly reduce the quality of life and even reduce the expression.The neglected dystrophic process leads to the following violations:
- muscle weakness, atrophy and astenia;
- violation of urination and emptying (incontinence);
- the development of severe deformation of the spine in men in hard physical work and women during pregnancy;
- Violation of men's efficiency;
- reduced blood flow and ischemia;
- protrusion and hernia of the intervertebral disc;
- spondylarthrosis (increase in spiked processes);
- paresis of the foot;
- Spondylosis.
The presence of reflected pain is an important consideration when taking into account the clinic of osteochondrosis of the lumbar osteochondrosis.Injection of the nerve beams leads to irritation of the internal (visceral) organs, which causes pain and functional function in these.This explains the formation of manifestations such as breathing, arrhythmias, and intestines accompanying the pathology of the spine.
Treatment methods
Different methods are used to treat lumbar spine osteochondrosis.
Medicine
Medicines for treating the disease are NSAIDs.These allow you to simultaneously eliminate the inflammation process and reduce the pain syndrome.At the same time as internal use, local therapy with gels with ointments and anti -inflammatory effects is recommended.Sodium dichlofenac is most often used, ibuprofen in tablets or capsules.Occasionally, analgesics are used with the intolerance of anti -inflammatory drugs.
Local blockades with novocaine or lidocaine are held with severe pain.In some cases, glucocorticoids are used with novocaine in the case of simultaneous inflammation of the paravebral blockade.This allows you to influence afferent conductivity and normalize the reflex activity of the uploading parts of the nervous system.
The good result of muscle cramps is shown by the central muscle relaxants, the typical representative of this class is Midokalm.These drugs are combined with non -steroid anti -inflammatory inflammation, improving the effects of anesthesia and restoring complete movement.
Further treatment with drugs includes sedatives and drugs to normalize the work of the nervous system.Sometimes it is recommended to take antidepressants, antipsychotics or sedatives.
Group B, vitamin D and calcium vitamin complexes promote nerve conductivity and metabolic processes.To restore the cartilage structure, the use of chondroprotectors is used for a longer period of time.
Physiotherapy
Modern physiotherapy techniques are an integral part of the successful treatment of lumbar spine.They belong to:
- The use of currents of different frequencies and intensity.Usually the current effect is used up to 100 mA, amplipulse (modulated currents), darsonalization, electrophoresis of analgesic and proteolytic enzymes, electrophoresis and proteolytic enzymes.Methods can improve blood circulation in the zone of damage, restore metabolism, increase blood flow and transport the drug directly to the point of application.
- Using a laser.Its exposure reduces the activity of inflammation and pain and, when it is targeted at parapouring points, allows the structure of intervertebral discs to be restored.
- UFO.Ultraviolet irradiation is used to warm up, vitamin D production and optimization of calcium metabolism.
- Magnetic therapy.This consists of using an induction magnet to restore regeneration processes at the level of cell structures.
- Balneotherapy.This ensures the use of healing water and sludge.For this purpose, the patient is recommended for joint and local baths, application and compression.
Physiotherapy and massage
An important relationship between treatment is physical education.It is mandatory, but the selection of movements must be done by a specialist.Classes allow you to restore muscle tone, strengthen the fibers, and expand the movement of the spine.In order to achieve a positive result, certain rules must be followed:
- Do not perform exercises when causing pain or excessive stress;You need to start training under a training therapy instructor;
- Physical education should be done regularly, only in this condition should be formed by a muscle corset;
- Do not perform movements sharply and too fast, usually average or slow rates are recommended;
- Gymnastics is not carried out with any illness;
- In case of deterioration, you must stop the exercise immediately and consult a specialist.
It is best to select the exercises that are lying and squares.It is useful to stretch the spine and download the press.For such a patient, the rehabilitation method will be visited by the pelvis after the aggravation of osteochondrosis.
Massage is also an effective method for osteochondrosis in the lumbar segment.
An experienced specialist improves the improvement of metabolic processes and microcirculation of the violation zone, alleviating muscle tension.The use of massage during the acute period is extended in the presence of severe, irreversible deformations, open wounds, rashes or burns on the skin.
Surgery
In the absence of the results of complex conservative therapy, only the use of a radical treatment method.This consists of implementing the spinal operation to eliminate the compression of the nerve roots and the maximum restoration of the mobility of the spine or the stabilization of the affected segment.
Signs of the operation:
- the formation of the separated, rear hernia;
- Severe pain that is not stopped by drugs and blockade;
- Complete decrease in the disk with caudal syndrome and ischemia;
- The formation of signs of radiculomiloemia.
Most often, the patient is performed with microdiscectomy when the bone tissue retains its integrity and the rehabilitation process lasts for a short period of time.
There are other methods of intervention:
- endoscopic nucleotomy;
- Evaporation of the disk laser;
- Plasma plate nucleoplasty.
Scientists from all over the world develop it to perform prostheses that replace the discs between the vertebrae.This allows the patient to rehabilitate after surgery and to reduce the likelihood of disability.
The use of traditional medicine
Together with medicines, folk methods are used to treat pain in the lower back of the back.They cannot replace full therapy for osteochondrosis, but allow remission to achieve remission in complex therapy:
- It is comfortable at home when used as a radish or horseradish compressor.They should be cut into a file, add a little home sour cream and apply for injury.
- You can pour water in boiling boiling into a burdock leaf and secure it to the lumbar region.Fill top with a down scarf and hold an hour.
- In the Bodyga powder, diluted with vegetable oil, 1:30, helps well.From the mixture, a large warming compression is obtained, which should be kept for one hour.
- It is useful to rub the lower back with liquid honey.But this must be done correctly to reach the strong rush of blood to the sore spot.
- Ointment is used to remove lumbar pain.GHEE, Camphor Oil and Horseport powder must take equal shares for production.After a thorough stirring, the product is spread into rusty pieces and applied to the sore spot.
Consult a doctor before using any folk medicine.
Preventing the disease
In order to prevent the development of lumbar osteochondrosis and renewal of remission, prevention rules must be followed:
- Avoid hypothermia;
- Do not lift heavy objects (the maximum allowable load for the woman is 5 kg, for a man - 10 kg);
- Daily exercises that allow muscle grass and press to strengthen;
- Take a regular break and heat with longer work;
- Always watch your posture while walking;
- Regularly disinfect the potential sources of chronic infection;
- Eat properly and prevent overweight;
- Walking at a moderate rate as long as possible;
- Visit a dance group, take part in swimming, sports, avoid sudden movements and strong jumps.
It is completely impossible to cure osteochondrosis, as changes in the spine are irreversible, but modern help methods help to restore the patient's quality of life for a long time.